浅谈高考英语写作

浅谈高考英语写作

阳春三月，桃红柳绿，莺啼花开；莘莘学子，挑灯夜战，觊觎考场。一年一度的高考即将来临，寒窗十余载，能否进入期望中的象牙塔在此一搏。有人期盼而振奋，摩拳擦掌，食宿无暇；有人紧张而迷茫，食如嚼蜡，夜不能寐。其实，这样大可不必，不管怎样，都应该调整心态，调整计划，依序进行。临阵不乱，方显英雄本色。快速高效进行英文写作训练是高考得高分不可缺少的一部分。

管仲窥豹，可现一斑。不难发现近几年陕西高考英语作文命题依然延续国家命题的模式，无非是这样几种题型：观点对比型、阐述主题题型、解决方法题型、说明利弊型。细心研究其写作规律，不难看出其中写好文章的奥秘。
    一张一驰的长短句相结合。老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

凸显主题的主题句。国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！英文一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）.常见的主题句开头类型； 开门见山，揭示主题；交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头回忆性的开头；回忆性的开头 ；概括性的开头 ；介绍环境式的开头 ；．交待写作目的的开头。
    条理清楚的一二三原则。领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单比如。first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）

优先短语原则。写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！

多实少虚原则原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。

多变句式原则。写文章要灵活，可别一个模式，比如说巧用排比句。文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！如：We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.

挑战极限原则。既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

我们可以在大量的高考英文范文中可以总结英文写作的模块、去实践高考英语作文的奥秘。比如说对比观点题型（1）要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1． 有一些人认为。。。2．    另一些人认为。。。3．    我的看法。。。
     The topic of ①------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③--------理由二). Moreover, ④----------(理由三).
     While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦-----------(理由三).
      From my point of view, I think ⑧----------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨-------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
（2）    给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点
      Some people believe that ①---------（观点一）. For example, they think ②---------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③------------(为他们带来的好处).
      In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-----------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-------------(反对的理由之二)．
Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

阐述主题题型；

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．
１．    阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．２．    分析并举例使其更充实．
      The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
     First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．
     In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

解决方法题型。

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
１．    问题现状 ２．    怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)
  Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

说明利弊题型。这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
１．    说明事物现状２．    事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）３．    你对现状（或前景）的看法
     Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(Ａ的优点之一). Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）.
     But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．
     Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．
     (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)

议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
  There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.  On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
  As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
  （2）利弊型的议论文
    Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______.  And secondly ___优点二_____.
    Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition,  ____缺点二______.
    To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

( 3 ) 答题性议论文
     Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
     As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
     Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.

掌握英文写作的奥秘后，在这种模块的强化训练下，可以使学生心中思路明确，训练有章法可循。一篇好的书面表达，行文连贯流畅，具有“逻辑美”。使用恰当连接词，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑，使文章更为地道，更具“英语味”。